Terena Castle (Alandroal)
Alandroal, Évora, Portugal
Suggest Place to Visit
5944
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In a dominant position at the top of a hill, it integrated the line of defense of the river Guadiana, together with the castles of Juromenha, Alandroal, Monsaraz and Mourão.
Background
Although the primitive human occupation of the region goes back to prehistory, there is no information about the primitive settlement or fortification of the present Terena.
The medieval castle
The earliest documentary information on the village dates back to the reign of King Afonso III (1248-1279), when the knight-regent Gil Martins and his wife, D. Maria João, passed him a charter in 1262. Although a date is unknown the construction of the castle is believed to have taken place during this period, since the Upper Guadiana border was of strategic importance to the Portuguese Crown, and given the interest shown by King D. Dinis ( 1279-1325) in the consolidation of this area, which is also ensured by the castles of Elvas, Juromenha and Alandroal.
Under the reign of D. Fernando (1367-1387) the castle and its barbican are mentioned (1380, which indicates that the works of fortification were in progress.
After the crisis of 1383-1385, D. João I (1385-1433) donated the domains of the village to the Order of Avis, which some authors understand as an indication of works of recovery and modernization of their defense.
D. João II (1481-1495) named as Alcaide-mor of the village to Nuno Martins da Silveira (1482), name associated with reconstruction works in the castle. This extensive campaign of works continued in the first decades of the sixteenth century, under the reign of D. Manuel I (1495-1521), completing the works in the Keep and the palace of the alcaldes. At this stage, the castle is figured by Duarte de Armas (Book of Strengths, c.1509). The risk of the tower is attributed to the architects of the kingdom, Diogo and Francisco de Arruda.
In the eighteenth century, it suffered further damage caused by the earthquake of 1755.
The castle is classified as National Monument by Decree published on June 2, 1946.
Features
Of modest dimensions, the castle presents / displays plant in the irregular pentagonal format, with four circular towers arranged asymmetrically, only one protecting an angle of the wall.
The keep has a quadrangular plan, divided internally into two floors. Coined in stonework, it is endowed with cruciform gates, a capitelation door, and Manueline balconies, surpassed by the running bell.
On the opposite side of the main gate, the Porta do Campo, also known as the Porta do Sol, is torn in the wall. It was built during the works promoted at the end of the 17th century. It also has the original Dionysian structure, in an arch in Gothic style, flanked by two circular turrets.
It is classified as a National Monument, it became the responsibility of IPPAR in 1980, from which interventions have been made, namely the reconstruction of the interior of the Tower.
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